Technical Paper 3:
Preventing Alcohol-related harm in Australia: a window of opportunity

3. Regulating physical availability

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Liquor licensing laws and enforcement

Bennetts, R., & Seabrook, R. 'Retail sales of alcohol and the risk of being a victim of assault.[comment]’, PLoS Medicine / Public Library of Science, vol. 5, no. 5, 13 May 2008. p. e108.

Dobson, R. 'Government must get tough on alcohol misuse, public health experts warn’, BMJ, vol. 336, no. 7656, 7 Jun 2008. pp. 1266–1267.

Durnford, A. J., Perkins, T. J., & Perry, J. M. 'An evaluation of alcohol attendances to an inner city emergency department before and after the introduction of the UK Licensing Act 2003’, BMC Public Health, vol. 8, 2008. p. 379.

El Maaytah, M., Smith, S. F., Jerjes, W., Upile, T., Petrie, A., Kalavrezos, N., Ayliffe, P., Newman, L., Hopper, C., & Lloyd, T. 'The effect of the new “24 hour alcohol licensing law” on the incidence of facial trauma in London’, British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, vol. 46, no. 6, Sep 2008. pp. 460–463.

Lipperman–Kreda, S., Paschall, M. J., & Grube, J. W. 'Perceived local enforcement, personal beliefs,and underage drinking: an assessment of moderating and main effects’, Journal of Studies on Alcohol & Drugs, vol. 70, no. 1, Jan 2009. pp. 64–69.

Tobin, H. 'How long until our pubs have no beer? [Federal and state anti-alcohol policies are unlikely to be effective.]’, Institute of Public Affairs Review, vol. 60, no. 3, Jul 2008. pp. 24–26.

Toomey, T. L., Erickson, D. J., Lenk, K. M., & Kilian, G. R. 'Likelihood of illegal alcohol sales at professional sport stadiums’, Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, vol. 32, no. 11, Nov 2008. pp. 1859–1864.Top of page

Wilson, T. 'Cops, not liquor regulations, reduce street violence [The emphasis on lockouts and alcohol laws is a distraction from tackling late night violence.]’, Institute of Public Affairs Review, vol. 60, no. 5, Nov 2008. p. 29.

Young, T. 'The cost of liquor reform in Queensland’, Local Government Reporter, vol. 7, no. 3, Nov 2008. pp. 30–32.

Zajdow, G. 'The free market in alcohol’, Arena Magazine (Fitzroy no. 95, Jun 2008. pp. 25–29.

Opening hours

Carpenter, C. S., & Eisenberg, D. 'Effects of Sunday sales restrictions on overall and day-specific alcohol consumption: evidence from Canada’, Journal of Studies on Alcohol & Drugs, vol. 70, no. 1, Jan 2009. pp. 126–133.

KPMG. Evaluation of the Temporary Late Night Entry Declaration (“2.00am lockout”) Final Report. Report prepared by KPMG for the Victorian Department of Justice. November 2008.

Midford, R., Young, D., Chikritzhs, T., Playford, D., Kite, E., & Pascal, R. 'The effect of alcohol sales and advertising restrictions on a remote Australian community’, Drugs: education, prevention and policy no. Published online 30 Jan 2009, 2009.

van Hoof, J., van Noordenburg, M., & de Jong, M. 'Happy hours and other alcohol discounts in cafes: prevalence and effects on underage adolescents’, Journal of Public Health Policy, vol. 29, no. 3, Sep 2008. pp. 340–352.

Vingilis, E., Mcleod, A. I., Mann, R. E., & Seeley, J. 'A tale of two cities: the effect of extended drinking hours in licensed establishments on impaired driving and assault charges’, Traffic Injury Prevention, vol. 9, no. 6, Dec 2008. pp. 527–533.

Outlet density

Gruenewald, P. 'Why do alcohol outlets matter anyway? A look into the future’, Addiction , vol. 103, no. 10, Oct 2008. pp. 1585–1587.

Huckle, T., Huakau, J., Sweetsur, P., Huisman, O., & Casswell, S. 'Density of alcohol outlets and teenage drinking: living in an alcogenic environment is associated with higher consumption in a metropolitan setting’, Addiction, vol. 103, no. 10, Oct 2008. pp. 1614–1621.Top of page

Kuntsche, E., Kuendig, H., & Gmel, G. 'Alcohol outlet density, perceived availability and adolescent alcohol use: a multilevel structural equation model’, Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, vol. 62, no. 9, Sep 2008. pp. 811–816.

Livingston, M. 'A longitudinal analysis of alcohol outlet density and assault’, Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, vol. 32, no. 6, Jun 2008. pp. 1074–1079.

Pasch, K. E., Hearst, M. O., Nelson, M. C., Forsyth, A., & Lytle, L. A. 'Alcohol outlets and youth alcohol use: exposure in suburban areas’, Health & Place, vol. 15, no. 2, Jun 2009. pp. 642–646.

Pearce, J., Day, P., & Witten, K. 'Neighbourhood provision of food and alcohol retailing and social deprivation in urban New Zealand’, Urban Policy and Research, vol. 26, no. 2, Jun 2008. pp. 213–227.

Age restrictions

Cagney, Paula; Palmer, Shane. Research New Zealand (2007) The sale and supply of alcohol to under 18 year olds in New Zealand: a systematic overview of international and New Zealand literature, Wellington: Research New Zealand.

Fell, James C.; Fisher, Deborah A.; Voas, Robert B.; Blackman, Kenneth; Tippetts, A. Scott. (2008) The relationship of underage drinking laws to reduction in drinking drivers in fatal crashes in the United States[, Accident Analysis and Prevention 40:4, pp. 1430–40.

Kypri, K. 'The health impacts and politics of changes in the minimum purchase age for alcohol in New Zealand’. 2008, National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University: Perth.

Rossow, I., Karlsson, T., & Raitasalo, K. 'Old enough for a beer? Compliance with minimum legal age for alcohol purchases in monopoly and other off-premise outlets in Finland and Norway’, Addiction, vol. 103, no. 9, Sep 2008. pp. 1468–1473.

Toomey, T. L., Komro, K. A., Oakes, J. M., & Lenk, K. M. 'Propensity for illegal alcohol sales to underage youth in Chicago’, Journal of Community Health, vol. 33, no. 3, Jun 2008. pp. 134–138.

Treno, A. J., Ponicki, W. R., Remer, L. G., & Gruenewald, P. J. 'Alcohol outlets, youth drinking, and self-reported ease of access to alcohol: a constraints and opportunities approach’, Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, vol. 32, no. 8, Aug 2008. pp. 1372–1379.Top of page

Alcohol beverage and related industries

Anderson, P., Drummond, C., Hellman, M., & Rosenqvist, P. 'Introduction to the issue – the alcohol industry and alcohol policy’, Addiction, vol. 104 Suppl 1, Feb 2009. pp. 1–2.

Babor, T. F. 'Alcohol research and the alcoholic beverage industry: issues, concerns and conflicts of interest’, Addiction, vol. 104 Suppl 1, Feb 2009. pp. 34–47.

Baumberg, Ben; Anderson, Peter. (December 2008) Trade and health: how World Trade Organization (WTO) law affects alcohol and public health, Addiction 103:12, pp. 1952–1958.

Bond, Laura; Daube, Mike; Chikritzhs, Tanya. (2009) Access to confidential alcohol industry documents: from “big tobacco” to “big booze”. Australasian Medical Journal 1:3, pp. 1–26.

Caetano, R. 'The alcohol industry’s smoke and mirrors.[comment]’, Addiction, vol. 103, no. 7, Jul 2008. pp. 1231–1232.

Casswell, S. 'Alcohol industry and alcohol policy – the challenge ahead’, Addiction, vol. 104 Suppl 1, Feb 2009. pp. 3–5.Top of page


Charles, E. 'Drink up? [Corporate social responsibility and international drinks companies.]’, Intheblack (Prahran, vol. 78, no. 6, Jul 2008. pp. 34–37.

Jernigan, D. H. 'The global alcohol industry: an overview’, Addiction, vol. 104 Suppl 1, Feb 2009. pp. 6–12.

Kahler, C. W., Borland, R., Hyland, A., McKee, S. A., Thompson, M. E., & Cummings, K. M. 'Alcohol consumption and quitting smoking in the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey’, Drug and Alcohol Dependence, vol. 100, no. 3, 2009. pp. 214–220.

Miller, P. G., Kypri, K., Chikritzhs, T. N., Skov, S. J., & Rubin, G. 'Health experts reject industry backed funding for alcohol research’. Medical Journal of Australia, 11 May 2009.

Mosher, J. F. (January 2009) Litigation and alcohol policy: lessons from the US tobacco wars, Addiction 104:Suppl 1, pp. 27–33.

Room, R., Schmidt, L., Rehm, J., & Makela, P. 'International regulation of alcohol’, BMJ, vol. 337, 2008. p. a2364.

Zeigler, D. W. 'The alcohol industry and trade agreements: a preliminary assessment’, Addiction, vol. 104 Suppl 1, Feb 2009. pp. 13–26.

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